Chemical fact sheet: Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

HPLC-MS/MS

Organism

Achillea millefolium  L.

wild

dried, powdered

Sample note

The wild yarrrow inflorescences and upper leaves were collected by researchers from 50 plants growing in two different grasslands of about one hectare. The gathered material was mixed and made into a unique sample, dried and powdered (20mesh). A voucher specimen was deposited at the Herbarium fo the Excola Superior Agraria de Braganca (BRESA).

Drying methods

lyophilized

Extraction solvents

methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

16.7 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

2

Extraction time

1 h

Extraction temperature

25 °C

Extract drying method

rotary evaporation

Extract drying temperature

40 °C

Analysis solvents

water

References

M. Dias, L. Barros, M. Duenas, E. Pereira, A. Carvalho, M. Oliveira, C. Santos-Buelga, and I. Ferreira, "Chemical composition of wild and commercial Achillea millefolium L. and bioactivity of the methanolic extract, infusion and decoction.," Food Chemistry , vol. 141 , no. 4 , pp. 4152–4160 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.018 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

HPLC-MS/MS

Organism

Achillea millefolium  L.

wild

dried, powdered

Sample note

The wild yarrrow inflorescences and upper leaves were collected by researchers from 50 plants growing in two different grasslands of about one hectare. The gathered material was mixed and made into a unique sample, dried and powdered (20mesh). A voucher specimen was deposited at the Herbarium fo the Excola Superior Agraria de Braganca (BRESA).

Drying methods

lyophilized

Extraction solvents

water

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

5 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

10 min

Extraction temperature

100 °C

Extract drying method

lyophilization, Infusion

Analysis solvents

water

References

M. Dias, L. Barros, M. Duenas, E. Pereira, A. Carvalho, M. Oliveira, C. Santos-Buelga, and I. Ferreira, "Chemical composition of wild and commercial Achillea millefolium L. and bioactivity of the methanolic extract, infusion and decoction.," Food Chemistry , vol. 141 , no. 4 , pp. 4152–4160 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.018 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

HPLC-MS/MS

Organism

Achillea millefolium  L.

wild

dried, powdered

Sample note

The wild yarrrow inflorescences and upper leaves were collected by researchers from 50 plants growing in two different grasslands of about one hectare. The gathered material was mixed and made into a unique sample, dried and powdered (20mesh). A voucher specimen was deposited at the Herbarium fo the Excola Superior Agraria de Braganca (BRESA).

Drying methods

lyophilized

Extraction solvents

water

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

5 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

10 min

Extraction temperature

100 °C

Extract drying method

lyophilization, decoction

Analysis solvents

water

References

M. Dias, L. Barros, M. Duenas, E. Pereira, A. Carvalho, M. Oliveira, C. Santos-Buelga, and I. Ferreira, "Chemical composition of wild and commercial Achillea millefolium L. and bioactivity of the methanolic extract, infusion and decoction.," Food Chemistry , vol. 141 , no. 4 , pp. 4152–4160 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.018 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UHPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

ESI, UHPLC-MS, linear ion trap

Organism

Calendula arvensis  L.

dried, powdered

Collection dates

2015-3, 2015-4

Sample note

The samples were identified by Dr. Paolo Silveira. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Portugal.

Drying methods

oven-dried

Drying temperature

60 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

100 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

4

Extraction time

2 d

Extraction temperature

20±5 °C

Extract drying method

vacuum evaporation

Extract drying temperature

40 °C

Analysis solvents

MeOH

References

M. Faustino, D. Pinto, M. Gonçalves, L. Salgueiro, P. Silveira, and A. Silva, "Calendula L. species polyphenolic profile and in vitro antifungal activity.," Journal of Functional Foods , vol. 45 , pp. 254–267 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.013 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UHPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

ESI, UHPLC-MS, linear ion trap

Organism

Calendula suffruticosa subsp. lusitanica

dried, powdered

Collection dates

2015-3, 2015-4

Sample note

The samples were identified by Dr. Paolo Silveira. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Biology University of Aveiro, Portugal.

Drying methods

oven-dried

Drying temperature

60 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

100 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

4

Extraction time

2 d

Extraction temperature

20±5 °C

Extract drying method

vacuum evaporation

Extract drying temperature

40 °C

Analysis solvents

MeOH

Detection note

609 --> 301 (100) [M - H - rutinoside] -

References

M. Faustino, D. Pinto, M. Gonçalves, L. Salgueiro, P. Silveira, and A. Silva, "Calendula L. species polyphenolic profile and in vitro antifungal activity.," Journal of Functional Foods , vol. 45 , pp. 254–267 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.013 .

STD

False

TLC

True

UV/Vis detector description

UV

Mass spectrometer description

ESI-MS, ion-trap

Organism

Polygonatum odoratum  (Mill.) Druce

wild

dried, powdered

Collection dates

2012-7

Sample note

The plant was identified by Dr. Enebish Ganbold at the herbarium of the Ulaanbaatar Insitute of Botany, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, where a voucher specimen has been deposited.

Drying methods

air-dried

Extraction solvents

95% ethanol, water, ethyl acetate

Extraction temperature

20±5 °C

Extract drying method

evaporation under reduced pressure

Analysis solvents

MeOH

Detection note

[M + Na]+ = 633

References

C. Ganbaatar, M. Gruner, D. Mishig, R. Duger, A. Schmidt, and H. Knölker, "Flavonoid glycosides from the aerial parts of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) druce growing in Mongolia," The Open Natural Products Journal , vol. 8 , pp. 1–7 , DOI: 10.2174/1874848101508010001 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-PDA

Mass spectrometer description

ESI-MS/MS

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius 'Ken-ba'

fresh

Sample note

Cultivar Ken-ba was grown in the field of Hirosaki University in Japan. The capitula were harvested when tubular florets had just appeared outside the involucres. Only tubular florets were collected. Ken-ba is a wild type cultivar the petals of which look orange yellow. For flavonoid analysis, florets (3g9 were hoogenized and extracted with cold 1 % TFA-MeOH (2 mL x 3).

Extraction solvents

1 % TFA-MeOH

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

500 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

3

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Extract drying method

evaporation in vacuo

Analysis solvents

methanol:water (1:1, v7v)

Detection note

Amorphous powder was obtained.

References

K. Kazuma, T. Takahashi, K. Sato, H. Takeuchi, T. Matsumoto, and T. Okuno, "Quinochalcones and flavonoids from fresh florets in different cultivars of Carthamus tinctorius L.," Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry , vol. 64 , no. 8 , pp. 1588–1599 , DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1588 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-PDA

Mass spectrometer description

ESI-MS/MS

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius 'Ogon-hanagasa'

fresh

Sample note

Cultivar Ogon-hanagasa was grown in the field of Hirosaki University in Japan. The capitula were harvested when tubular florets had just appeared outside the involucres. Only tubular florets were collected. Ken-ba is a wild type cultivar the petals of which look orange yellow. For flavonoid analysis, florets (3g9 were hoogenized and extracted with cold 1 % TFA-MeOH (2 mL x 3).

Extraction solvents

1 % TFA-MeOH

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

500 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

3

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Extract drying method

evaporation in vacuo

Analysis solvents

methanol:water (1:1, v7v)

Detection note

Amorphous powder was obtained.

References

K. Kazuma, T. Takahashi, K. Sato, H. Takeuchi, T. Matsumoto, and T. Okuno, "Quinochalcones and flavonoids from fresh florets in different cultivars of Carthamus tinctorius L.," Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry , vol. 64 , no. 8 , pp. 1588–1599 , DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1588 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-PDA

Mass spectrometer description

ESI-MS/MS

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius 'Shiro-bana'

fresh

Sample note

Cultivar Shiro-bana was grown in the field of Hirosaki University in Japan. The capitula were harvested when tubular florets had just appeared outside the involucres. Only tubular florets were collected. Ken-ba is a wild type cultivar the petals of which look orange yellow. For flavonoid analysis, florets (3g9 were hoogenized and extracted with cold 1 % TFA-MeOH (2 mL x 3).

Extraction solvents

1 % TFA-MeOH

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

500 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

3

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Extract drying method

evaporation in vacuo

Analysis solvents

methanol:water (1:1, v7v)

Detection note

Amorphous powder was obtained.

References

K. Kazuma, T. Takahashi, K. Sato, H. Takeuchi, T. Matsumoto, and T. Okuno, "Quinochalcones and flavonoids from fresh florets in different cultivars of Carthamus tinctorius L.," Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry , vol. 64 , no. 8 , pp. 1588–1599 , DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1588 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius  L.

cultivated

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 592391) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea. The collecting (by hand) of of florets of early stage samples started approximately 12 weeks after seed planting. These EARLY STAGE flower samples were collected before the beginning of the flowering, when the upper portion of the florets were about to emerge through the bracts. The samples wer snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen, the freeze--dried and stored at -80 ° until further processing. Visually seen, there was not yet much color in flowers, only white and light yellow hues. The length of spine was very short. The leaf shape was lanceolate.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius  L.

cultivated

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 592391) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea.These MIDDLE STAGE flower samples were collected when flowering was considered complete, i.e. more than 90 % of the florets were open. The florets were orange(-yellow).

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus tinctorius  L.

cultivated

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 592391) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea.These LATE STAGE flower samples were collected when the capitulum begins to expand and the seeds are about to start developing. The florets start to change color to orange/red.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus palaestinus  L.

wild

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 235663) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea. The collecting (by hand) of of florets of early stage samples started approximately 12 weeks after seed planting. These EARLY STAGE flower samples were collected before the beginning of the flowering, when the upper portion of the florets were about to emerge through the bracts. The samples wer snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen, the freeze--dried and stored at -80 ° until further processing. Visually seen, there was not yet much color in flowers, only white and light yellow hues. The length of spine was very short. The leaf shape was lanceolate.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus palaestinus  L.

wild

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 235663) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea.These MIDDLE STAGE flower samples were collected when flowering was considered complete, i.e. more than 90 % of the florets were open. The florets were orange(-yellow).

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus palaestinus  L.

wild

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number 235663) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea.These LATE STAGE flower samples were collected when the capitulum begins to expand and the seeds are about to start developing. The florets start to change color to orange/red.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

Detection note

The exact mass obtained.

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus lanatus  L.

wild

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number W6 16791) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea. The collecting (by hand) of of florets of early stage samples started approximately 12 weeks after seed planting. These EARLY STAGE flower samples were collected before the beginning of the flowering, when the upper portion of the florets were about to emerge through the bracts. The samples wer snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen, the freeze--dried and stored at -80 ° until further processing. Visually seen, there was not yet much color in flowers, only white and light yellow hues. The leaf shape was lanceolate.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, quadrupole time-of-flight

Organism

Carthamus lanatus  L.

wild

dried, frozen

Sample note

The material (Accession Number W6 16791) were obtained from USDA National Plant Germplasm system. The seeds were planted and cultivated in a greenhouse at 18-25 °C located at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Korea.These MIDDLE STAGE flower samples were collected when flowering was considered complete, i.e. more than 90 % of the florets were open. The florets were yellow and the pistils became orange as the development proceeded, and the colour started to change gradually yellos/red.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

70 % methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

35 min

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % methanol

References

J. Kim, A. Assefa, J. Song, V. Mani, S. Park, S. Lee, K. Lee, D. Kim, and B. Hahn, "Assessment of metabolic profiles in florets of Carthamus species using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.," Metabolites , vol. 10 , no. 11 , pp. 440 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110440 .

STD

False

TLC

True

UV/Vis detector description

UV

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-MS

Organism

Serratula lyratifolia  Schrenk.

wild

dried

Collection dates

1995-7, 1995-8

Sample note

The researchers collected Serratula lyratifolia samples in Kyrgyzstan during the Tien Shan Mountains Botanical Expedition in 31st July and 1st August 1995. Voucher specimens are deposited in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Japan (TNS).

Detection note

The compound was identificated by UV spectroscopy, LC-ESI-MS, characterization of acid hydrolysates (aglycones and sugars), direct TLC and HPLC comparisons.

References

K. Kusano, T. Iwashina, J. Kitajima, and T. Mishio, "Flavonoid diversity of Saussurea and Serratula species in Tien Shan mountains.," Natural Product Communications , vol. 2 , no. 11 , pp. 1121–1128 , DOI: 10.1177%2F1934578X0700201115 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UV/Vis

Mass spectrometer description

UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Organism

Rheum officinale  Baill.

cultivated

fresh, powdered

Sample note

The identification of Rheum officinale from the collected rhizome specimens were conducted by Prof. Li Xiang at the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China.

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

methanol

References

J. Liu, L. Leng, Y. Liu, H. Gao, W. Yang, S. Chen, and A. Liu, "Identification and quantification of target metabolites combined with transcriptome of two rheum species focused on anthraquinone and flavonoids biosynthesis.," Scientific Reports , vol. 10 , no. 1 , pp. 20241 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77356-9 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UV/Vis

Mass spectrometer description

UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Organism

Rheum palmatum  L.

cultivated

fresh, powdered

Sample note

The identification of Rheum palmatum from the collected rhizome specimens were conducted by Prof. Li Xiang at the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China.

Dried material storage temperature

-80 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

methanol

References

J. Liu, L. Leng, Y. Liu, H. Gao, W. Yang, S. Chen, and A. Liu, "Identification and quantification of target metabolites combined with transcriptome of two rheum species focused on anthraquinone and flavonoids biosynthesis.," Scientific Reports , vol. 10 , no. 1 , pp. 20241 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77356-9 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UHPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole, LTQ (linear trap quadrupole), high resolution mass spectrometer (UHPLC OrbiTrap MS), heated electrospray ionization (HESI)

Organism

Morus alba  L.

cultivated

homogenized, frozen

Collection dates

2011-6

Sample note

The black coloured fruits from one genotype from the location Palanka, North Serbia were collected by the researchers. Each genotype as represented by one tree, and each sample was taken from one individual plant. The tree was over 30 years old and originated from seed. All berries were picked at the biologically ripe stage. The berries were picked cardinally-oriented branches with different directions arond the canopy. Harvest time was between 10 and 20th June 2011. After picking, the fruits were stored at -20C until chemical analysis.

Dried material storage temperature

-20 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol containing 0.1% HCl

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

4

Extraction time

4 d 4 h

Extract drying method

evaporation under reduced pressure

Extract drying temperature

40 °C

Analysis solvents

MeOH:water (60:40)

Detection note

MS2 fragments (% base peak): 301 (100), 300 (30), 343 (10), 271 (10), 255 (5)

References

M. Natić, D. Dabić, A. Papetti, M. Fotirić Akšić, V. Ognjanov, M. Ljubojević, and Ž. Tešić, "Analysis and characterisation of phytochemicals in mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits grown in Vojvodina, North Serbia.," Food Chemistry , vol. 171 , pp. 128–136 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.101 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UHPLC-DAD

Mass spectrometer description

UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole, LTQ (linear trap quadrupole), high resolution mass spectrometer (UHPLC OrbiTrap MS), heated electrospray ionization (HESI)

Organism

Morus alba  L.

cultivated

homogenized, frozen

Collection dates

2011-6

Sample note

The black coloured fruits from one genotype from the location Novi Sad, North Serbia were collected by the researchers. Each genotype as represented by one tree, and each sample was taken from one individual plant. The tree was over 30 years old and originated from seed. All berries were picked at the biologically ripe stage. The berries were picked cardinally-oriented branches with different directions arond the canopy. Harvest time was between 10 and 20th June 2011. After picking, the fruits were stored at -20C until chemical analysis.

Dried material storage temperature

-20 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol containing 0.1% HCl

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

25 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

4

Extraction time

4 d 4 h

Extract drying method

evaporation under reduced pressure

Extract drying temperature

40 °C

Analysis solvents

MeOH:water (60:40)

Detection note

MS2 fragments (% base peak): 301 (100), 300 (30), 343 (10), 271 (10), 255 (5)

References

M. Natić, D. Dabić, A. Papetti, M. Fotirić Akšić, V. Ognjanov, M. Ljubojević, and Ž. Tešić, "Analysis and characterisation of phytochemicals in mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits grown in Vojvodina, North Serbia.," Food Chemistry , vol. 171 , pp. 128–136 , DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.101 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UPLC-PDA

Mass spectrometer description

UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS, UPLC-QTOF-MS

Organism

Aronia melanocarpa 'Galicjanka'

cultivated

ground, dried, passed through a strainer (1mm)

Sample note

The fruit samples (about 15kg) were obtained from a horticultural farm in Trzebnica, near Wroclaw, Poland. The raw material was collected at the optimum ripening stage recommended for consumption. The whole fruits were freeze-dried, so that the pressure was reduced to 0.0960 kPa. The temperature in the drying chamber was -60 C, and in the shelves 26C. The dried material was ground with laboratory mill (IKA A.11, Christ) and then passed through a strainer (1mm). The powder (code PDF) was ready for the analyses.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Drying temperature

26 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol acidified with 2 % formic acid

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

40 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

2

Extraction time

30 min

Analysis solvents

methanol acidified with 2 % formic acid

References

J. Oszmiański, and S. Lachowicz, "Effect of the production of dried fruits and juice from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) on the content and antioxidative activity of bioactive compounds.," Molecules , vol. 21 , no. 8 , pp. 1098 , DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081098 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

UPLC-PDA

Mass spectrometer description

UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS, UPLC-QTOF-MS

Organism

Aronia melanocarpa 'Galicjanka'

cultivated

pressed, dried, passed through a strainer (1mm), ground

Sample note

The fruit samples (about 15kg) were obtained from a horticultural farm in Trzebnica, near Wroclaw, Poland. The raw material was collected at the optimum ripening stage recommended for consumption. The whole, uncrushed fruits were pressed on a hydraulic press (SSRE, Waesaw, Poland). The obtained pomace was freeze-dried using an Alpha 1-4 LSC freeze dryer. The pressure was reduced to 0.960kPa. The temperature in the drying chamber was -60 C, and in the shelves 26C.Then, the material was ground, then passed through a strainer (1mm). After that the powder (code PPUF) was ready for the analyses.

Drying methods

freeze-dried

Drying temperature

26 °C

Extraction solvents

methanol acidified with 2 % formic acid

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

40 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

2

Extraction time

30 min

Analysis solvents

methanol acidified with 2 % formic acid

References

J. Oszmiański, and S. Lachowicz, "Effect of the production of dried fruits and juice from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) on the content and antioxidative activity of bioactive compounds.," Molecules , vol. 21 , no. 8 , pp. 1098 , DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081098 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-DAD, diode array detector

Mass spectrometer description

HPLC-MS, HPLC-MS/MS, triple quadrupole, electrospray, turbo ion spray

Organism

Urtica dioica 'Clone13'

cultivated

powdered, frozen

Collection dates

2006-7

Sample note

The nettle cultivar "Clone" was growing in Prato, Italy at the experimental site. The stalks were frozen in liquid nitrogen and comminuted into a powder. The extraction was performed with 70 % EtOh and pH was adjusted to 3.2 and 2.0 by HCOOH. The raw extract was defatted with n-hexane, dried and adjusted to a final volume with 70 % EtOH.

Extraction solvents

70 % EtOH, HCOOH

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

20 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

3

Extraction temperature

20±5 °C

Extract drying method

dried under vacuum

Analysis solvents

70 % EtOH

References

P. Pinelli, F. Ieri, P. Vignolini, L. Bacci, S. Baronti, and A. Romani, "Extraction and HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in leaves, stalks, and textile fibers of Urtica dioica L.," Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol. 56 , pp. 9127–9132 , DOI: 10.1021/jf801552d .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-DAD, diode array detector

Mass spectrometer description

HPLC-MS, HPLC-MS/MS, triple quadrupole, electrospray, turbo ion spray

Organism

Urtica dioica 'Clone13'

cultivated

powdered, frozen

Collection dates

2006-7

Sample note

The nettle cultivar "Clone" was growing in Prato, Italy at the experimental site. The leaves were frozen in liquid nitrogen and comminuted into a powder. The extraction was performed with 70 % EtOH and pH adjusted to 3.2 and 2.0 by HCOOH. The raw extract was defatted with n-hexane, dried and adjusted to a final volume with 70 % EtOH.

Extraction solvents

70 % EtOH, HCOOH

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

20 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

3

Extraction temperature

20±5 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % EtOH

References

P. Pinelli, F. Ieri, P. Vignolini, L. Bacci, S. Baronti, and A. Romani, "Extraction and HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in leaves, stalks, and textile fibers of Urtica dioica L.," Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol. 56 , pp. 9127–9132 , DOI: 10.1021/jf801552d .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer

Organism

Allium flavum subsp. flavum  L.

wild

ground, dried

Sample note

The whole plants (aerial parts, bulbs) of wild-growing A. flavum subsp. flavum were collected in Serbia. The voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited at the Herbarium of the Department of Biology and Ecology (BUNS Herbarium), University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences. The code of the specimens from Dimitrograd was no. 2-1765. The aerial parts were analysed in this group.

Drying methods

air-dried

Extraction solvents

70 % aqueous methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

125 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

3 d

Extraction temperature

30 °C

Extract drying method

rotary evaporation under vacuum

Extract drying temperature

45 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % aqueous MeOH; 0.5 % formic acid : MeOH (7 : 3)

Detection note

The precursor and product ions (m/z), respectively, are presented from the standard of this compound in the quantitative MS/MS-analysis.

References

N. Simin, D. Orcic, D. Cetojevic-Simin, N. Mimica-Dukic, G. Anackov, I. Beara, D. Mitic-Culafic, and B. Bozin, "Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of small yellow onion (Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum, Alliaceae)," LWT - Food Science and Technology , vol. 54 , no. 1 , pp. 139–146 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.05.023 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer

Organism

Allium flavum subsp. flavum  L.

wild

ground, dried

Sample note

The whole plants (aerial parts, bulbs) of wild-growing A. flavum subsp. flavum were collected in Serbia. The voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited at the Herbarium of the Department of Biology and Ecology (BUNS Herbarium), University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences. The code of the specimens from Dimitrograd was no. 2-1765. The bulbs were analysed in this group.

Drying methods

air-dried

Extraction solvents

70 % aqueous methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

125 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

3 d

Extraction temperature

30 °C

Extract drying method

rotary evaporation under vacuum

Extract drying temperature

45 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % aqueous MeOH; 0.5 % formic acid : MeOH (7 : 3)

Detection note

Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside was not detected in the bulbs, contrary to the aerial parts.

References

N. Simin, D. Orcic, D. Cetojevic-Simin, N. Mimica-Dukic, G. Anackov, I. Beara, D. Mitic-Culafic, and B. Bozin, "Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of small yellow onion (Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum, Alliaceae)," LWT - Food Science and Technology , vol. 54 , no. 1 , pp. 139–146 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.05.023 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer

Organism

Allium flavum subsp. flavum  L.

wild

ground, dried

Sample note

The whole plants (aerial parts, bulbs) of wild-growing A. flavum subsp. flavum were collected in Serbia. The voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited at the Herbarium of the Department of Biology and Ecology (BUNS Herbarium), University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences. The code of the specimens from Babusnica was no. 2-1767. The aerial parts were analysed in this group.

Drying methods

air-dried

Extraction solvents

70 % aqueous methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

125 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

3 d

Extraction temperature

30 °C

Extract drying method

rotary evaporation under vacuum

Extract drying temperature

45 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % aqueous MeOH; 0.5 % formic acid : MeOH (7 : 3)

Detection note

The precursor and product ions (m/z), respectively, are presented from the standard of this compound in the quantitative MS/MS-analysis.

References

N. Simin, D. Orcic, D. Cetojevic-Simin, N. Mimica-Dukic, G. Anackov, I. Beara, D. Mitic-Culafic, and B. Bozin, "Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of small yellow onion (Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum, Alliaceae)," LWT - Food Science and Technology , vol. 54 , no. 1 , pp. 139–146 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.05.023 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-MS/MS, triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer

Organism

Allium flavum subsp. flavum  L.

wild

ground, dried

Sample note

The whole plants (aerial parts, bulbs) of wild-growing A. flavum subsp. flavum were collected in Serbia. The voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited at the Herbarium of the Department of Biology and Ecology (BUNS Herbarium), University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences. The code of the specimens from Babusnica was no. 2-1767. The bulbs were analysed in this group.

Drying methods

air-dried

Extraction solvents

70 % aqueous methanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

125 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

3 d

Extraction temperature

30 °C

Extract drying method

rotary evaporation under vacuum

Extract drying temperature

45 °C

Analysis solvents

70 % aqueous MeOH; 0.5 % formic acid : MeOH (7 : 3)

Detection note

The precursor and product ions (m/z), respectively, are presented from the standard of this compound in the quantitative MS/MS-analysis.

References

N. Simin, D. Orcic, D. Cetojevic-Simin, N. Mimica-Dukic, G. Anackov, I. Beara, D. Mitic-Culafic, and B. Bozin, "Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of small yellow onion (Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum, Alliaceae)," LWT - Food Science and Technology , vol. 54 , no. 1 , pp. 139–146 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.05.023 .

STD

True

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

HPLC-UV

Mass spectrometer description

QTOF-ESI-MS/MS, QTRAP hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer

Organism

Berberis petiolaris  Wall. ex G. Don

wild

ground, dried

Sample note

The plant material was collected from Pandukholi Forest, Almora, Uttarakhand (India), and identified according to the Flora of District Garhwal, North-West Himalaya, the Forest Flora of Kumaon. A voucher specimen of B. petiolaris, KRA 24410, was deposited in the departmental Herbarium of CDRI. Each part of the plant (fruit, leaf, root and stem) was washed thoroughly under tap water and dried at room temperature.

Drying methods

air-dried

Drying temperature

20±5 °C

Extraction solvents

ethanol

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

40 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

5

Extraction time

2 h 30 min

Extraction temperature

30 °C

Extract liquid storage temperature

20±5 °C

Extract drying method

vacuum evaporation under reduced pressure

Extract drying temperature

35 °C

Analysis solvents

MeOH

Detection note

The relative intensities (%) of the fragments were as follows: 303.0487 (100), 465.1023 (19.2), 129.0550 (6.3), 85.0297 (5.3).

References

A. Singh, V. Bajpai, M. Srivastava, K. Arya, and B. Kumar, "Rapid profiling and structural characterization of bioactive compounds and their distribution in different parts of Berberis petiolaris Wall. ex G. Don applying hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques," Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry , vol. 28 , no. 19 , pp. 2089-2100 , DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7001 .

STD

False

TLC

False

UV/Vis detector description

Mass spectrometer description

LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS

Organism

Tanacetum poteriifolium  Grierson

wild

dried, powdered

Collection dates

2018

Sample note

Botanical authentication was done in Turkey, by the botanist Dr. Ismail Senkardes (Marmara University, Faculty of Pharmacy Turkey). The samples were collected in Kastamonu (Hanonu, Yukaricakircay village)

Drying methods

air-dried, dark

Drying temperature

20±5 °C

Dried material storage temperature

4 °C

Dried material storage notes

10 days

Extraction solvents

water, boiling water

Extraction mass/volume-ratio

50 mg/mL

Extraction repeats

1

Extraction time

20 min

Extraction temperature

100 °C

Extract drying method

lyophilization

Dried extract storage temperature

4 °C

Analysis solvents

water

References

G. Zengin, E. Sieniawska, I. Senkardes, M. Picot-Allain, K. Sinan, and M. Mahomoodally, "Antioxidant abilities, key enzyme inhibitory potential and phytochemical profile of Tanacetum poteriifolium Grierson.," Industrial Crops and Products , vol. 140 , pp. 111629 , DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111629 .